Physicists Say Light Can Be Converted Into Matter Within a Year, and the Race to Complete the Experiment Is On

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By smashing massless photons together, light can be converted into matter, according to physicists at London’s Imperial College, and the race to conduct the experiment is on–and should be carried out within the year. Until now, the idea of converting E into mc2 had been considered practically impossible.

“The race to carry out and complete the experiment is on,” said Imperial College London’s Oliver Pike. The experiment is now possible because physicists are able increase the number of photons to massive levels (billions of times the level of normal visible light) in order to achieve collisions in a photon-photon collider. The tiny size of photons was until recently a near-impossible obstacle to the experiment.

The proposed means of achieving massive photon levels is a photon-photon collider in a vacuum hohlraum. The apparatus consists of a high-powered laser, which bombards a slab of gold, producing a high-intensity gamma ray (photons) a hallow space (“hohlraum”) in which is accumulated a thick field of photons produced by another laser. The gamma ray bombards the hohlraum. Out of the other end of the hohlraum some electrons and positrons will fly, according to the English physicists. A shorter, more technical phrasing of the process is that a gamma-ray beam is fired into the high-temperature radiation field of a laser-heated hohlraum.

The theory of converting light into matter and matter into light dates back to 1930, when theoretical physicist Paul Dirac considered that an electron and its antimatter counterpart (a positron) could be annihilated (combined) to produce two photons. Four years later, physicists Gregory Breit and John Wheeler suggested that the reverse could also be true.

“It’s breathtaking to think that things we thought are not connected, can in fact be converted to each other: matter and energy, particles and light. Would we be able in the future to convert energy into time and vice versa?” said John Adams Institute, Oxford Director Andrei Seryi of the John Adams Institute on the matter.

Many laboratories around the world have the equipment necessary to perform the experimental photon-photon collisions, the English physicists say, and the experiment is expected to be conducted within the year.

By Andy Stern

Nature Photonics

The History of Tie Dye

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Tie Dye is an art–or a composition of several arts–of much variation. Tie dying creates images geometric, random or representational, and chance also contributes to the result. The artisan or artist shapes the work to a chosen degree, but human control cannot be absolute.

trad_shiboriTie dying originates in 8th century Japan and Indonesia with Shirabori (a Japanese word referring to an object wrung, squeezed or pressed). Shirabori encompasses a wide variety of resist-dying techniques.

 

From Japan’s many shirabori techniques, two were employed internationally. In Malaysia and PlangiIndonesia, plangi was picked up–a technique of gathering and binding cloth–as well as tritik, a stitch resist textile painting process. In India, bandhani was and is a tritikprocess of plucking and binding cloth in small points.

Various cultures have used resist dying for at least 6000 years–in now-Columbia, Peru, the Silk Road, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent, although most of this was dying of threads before sewing, which could not be considered tie dyingbandhani

Dying was done using berries, lichen, flowers, shrubs, vegetables, nuts and other natural dies on plant fibers from cotton, hemp and rayon and animal fibers like wool, depending on the materials available in the region.1920sIn the U.S. in the 1920s, directions were given on how to decorate homes and clothing using tie dye (for more example of tie dying in the 1920s, click here).

Tie dye was picked up again in the 1960s by the hippie movement, who wore tie dye clothes and decorated their houses, vehicles and album covers with tie dye patterns. To see actual video footage ofimages (4) the first hippie tie dye experience, on an acid trip at a river along the trip taken by the Bus Further, click here.

By Joseph Reight

 

Tie dye shirt invention by hippies on acid was actually caught on film in 1964 [Video]

Invention of tie dye
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As shown in the recent documentary “Magic Trip,” “tie dye” was invented in 1964 on the trip taken by the Merry Pranksters across America, and the actual moment of innocent creation was filmed by the crew of what would become known as the first hippies–although at the time there was no word for what they were except the names they gave themselves. Driving through the Arizona desert, the bus was searching for “The Cool Place” when Neil Cassady, the driver of the bus, veered off the road toward a small pond and got the bus stuck in the muddy sand.

Because they would be stuck for a while, waiting for their messenger to ride a motorbike into town for assistance, Kesey wanted to take LSD. The acid was mixed into a jar of orange juice and passed around for everyone to take a drink. The movie cameras that had been brought along to document the trip were set up in various spots around the river as the Pranksters started to wade into the pond.

Sometime into the trip, Kesey decided he wanted to see what it would be like to pour bright colored model paint into a small arm of the pond. The varicolored paints floated and marbleized. The pranksters put Zonker’s white t-shirt in the water under the paint and lifted it up, “and invented tie dye.”

Invention of tie dye

 

The narration of the pond trip includes a presentation of the setting not done justice to in the short clip. To watch the video, which unlike any other document gives a real live-action quasi-experience to the times of the first hippies–and for the first time, because the hundreds of hours of tape collected on the trip was out-of-sync with the recorded audio and could not be edited until the advent of recent editing technology.

For those curious about the history of tie die before the 60s–it dates back to 8th century Japan and was even popularized in America in the 1920s–click here.

By Joseph Reight

Images: Magic Trip

[su_youtube url=”http://youtu.be/uoXQWZJqMa0″][su_youtube url=”https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsQ63m4hLN0″][su_youtube url=”https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=ctbc9kw1oHA”][/su_youtube]

MIA New Self-Directed Music Video “Double Bubble Trouble” Feat. Neon 3-D Printed Guns and Peace Sign Drones – BRIEF

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MIA self-directed the music video for her latest release, “Double Bubble Trouble,” in which attractive, customized 3-D printed guns in various shapes and sizes owned and shared by young people and neon peace-sign drones hover over groups of girl dancers.

121105-MIA3

The video also flashes an infomercial of 3-D printing guns, 1984, groups of teen boys being made out with by blonde teen girls in a row, rape rings, fashion, flashing images, helmet cams, sweat-pants room-dancers, fish-tank bongs, smiling-face Niqab, Japanese kanji, tattoos, e-cigarettes, gun-flashing and gun-pointing, American military-style drones, picture-in-picture, “YES WE CAN,” pop tags, security cameras, ying-yangs, parrots with neon guns, monkeys, and grills.

Russian President Putin “Lies,” Speaks “Fiction” and Makes “False Claims,” Say US State Department, NY Times, Others

Vladimir Putin
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Russian President Vladimir Putin’s statements, affirmations and denials in recent months have caused the US State Department, the New York Times, and other news agencies to begin to publish articles labeling his words “lies,” “fiction” and “false claims.”

Putin has maintained strong stances against accusations of Russian involvement in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine, as well as on the purpose and presence of Russian troops stationed near the Eastern Ukrainian border, but realities have shown otherwise.

On April 17 chinks in the veneer began to show when Putin publicly stated that Russian troops were at work in Crimea from the outset. Putin had previously denied any Russian participation in Crimea. The Russian representation at the UN and Russian diplomats in serving in foreign countries had also vehemently denied accusations of Russia’s actions. In the same nationally televised presentation, Putin referred to Eastern Ukraine as “New Russia,” but continued to deny that so-called pro-Russian forces attacking buildings in Eastern Ukraine and calling for Russian intervention and Crimea-style referendums to separate from Ukraine were Russian soldiers. Putin called such allegations “all nonsense.”

Justifying the pro-Russian presence in Crimea, Putin stated, “They acted politely, but resolutely and professionally. There was no other way to hold the referendum in an open, honest and honorable way and allow the people to express their opinion.”

On April 20, the New York Times reported on photos endorsed by the Obama administration linking the “green men” operating in Eastern Ukraine to the Russian military. The Ukrainian government also announced they had proof the forces were Russian in origin.

Then, on May 17, Ostro reported that the head of the self-proclaimed Peoples Republic of Donetsk (DRP), Aleksandr Boroday, had told a press conference that the forces in Crimea and those in East Ukraine were under “a single command” and that he had worked in Crimea as a spin doctor.

A of group of the DRP, who had forcefully occupied Donetsk government buildings, pronounced a separate state April 7, and held a Crimea-style referendum May 11. The DRP announced that the turnout for the referendum was 75 percent and the vote was 89 percent in favor of separation from Ukraine.

During the original Crimean occupation by Russia–which at the time was not admitted to be participated in by Russia–Russia amassed a sizable military force near Crimea on Russian soil, but after the peaceable annexation of the peninsula in the wake of the March 16 referendum, the force was withdrawn. A force then amassed on the borders of Eastern Ukraine. Originally, the Russian government denied any buildup of troops. Then Putin continuously maintained that the buildup was for military exercises, of which NATO and other organizations reported they had seen no evidence. At the end of March Putin announced that the massive Russian force had been ordered to withdraw, but NATO and other organizations reported that they had seen no evidence of withdrawal. Then again on May 19, Putin publicly ordered the forces Ukrainian border to return to their home bases, and said that the withdrawal had started. Again, NATO stated that it had seen no sign of soldiers returning to their bases.

The response to Putin’s words and the contrast with Russian actions have caused Western politicians and media to begin to label Putin as a falsifier and a liar. On March 5 the Office of the Spokesperson of the US State Department published a statement on the US State Department website titled, “President Putin’s Fiction: 10 False Claims About Ukraine,” where the office lists 10 of “Putin’s recent claims justifying Russian aggression in the Ukraine, followed by the facts that his assertions ignore or distort.”

On March 6, the New York Times–America’s second-largest newspaper by circulation and most popular with internet readers–covered the Russian response to the US State Department article, but in its headline called the 10 Russian claims “Lies.”

The long list of news organizations which have begun to publish articles on Putin as using lies include Forbes, the National Post, and Telegraph UK.

A senior White House official commented on the most recent statements by Putin about the withdrawal of troops on the eastern border of Ukraine, “As you’ll recall, they’ve made similar claims before. They made them at the end of March and didn’t follow through, so we’ll be tracking this closely over the course of today and the coming days, and we’ll want to see clear, firm evidence of this move before we make any judgment.”

By James Haleavy

Sources:

US State Department

Seattle Times

New York Times

New York Times

Ostro

The Interpreter

East Ukraine Pro-Russian Leader Admits Crimea and East Ukraine Operations All Prepared by “A Single Command,” and Other Admissions

Ukraine
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Alexsandr Boroday, the leader of the Donetsk Peoples Republic in East Ukraine held a press conference Saturday in which he admitted that the pro-Russian actions in Crimea as well as those in Donetsk, Lugansk and other contended areas in Eastern Ukraine, made up a team and were organized by “a single command.”

Boroday, who is a Moscow native and a citizen of Russia, also admitted that he had personally “worked in Crimea,” although he maintained that he was acting as “a private person” in Ukraine.

“I will not hide the fact that I worked in the Crimea, said Boroday,” explaining his work in Crimea was as a spin doctor.”

Boroday also stated that he had been “involved in political and business consulting for various structures” “for many years,” and that he was seeking Russia’s annexation of East Ukraine.

Boroday declined to answer the question of whose project he and other pro-Russian forces were implementing in Crimea and East Ukraine.

By Day Blakely Donaldson

Source:

Ostro

Russian Troops Photo Released Again Reveals No Withdrawal on Ukraine Border, Contradicting Claims of Russian Government

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Tuesday, the US government released satellite images which show Russian forces still near Ukraine’s eastern border, contradicting assertions by the Russian government of late that the forces had been withdrawn.

The photos were published by the US State Department and on the US Mission to NATO’s Twitter account. The troops pictured are assembled at Belgorod, May 9.

Russian President Vladimir Putin had announced the withdrawal last Wednesday. Both the US and NATO countered that they had seen no withdrawal.

“The reality is that Russia continues to have 40,000 high readiness troops massed on Ukraine’s border and another 25,000 troops in Crimea,” countered NATO Allied Command Operations Spokesman Colonel Martin Downie. “The units on the latest satellite pictures show mechanised infantry, armoured vehicles and combat helicopters,” he said in a statement. “These units are there to intimidate Ukraine’s government and they could be used for an invasion of Ukraine, if ordered by Moscow. We will continue to keep a close eye on Russia’s actions near our borders.”

Last April, NATO published similar satellite images, but the Russian government denied the images were recent, saying they were taken last August.

By Day Blakely Donaldson

Sources:

NATO 

Euronews

Russia “State Sponsor of Terrorism” Petition to White House Passes Half Way Mark

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The petition to designate Russia a “state sponsor of terrorism” has passed the half way mark at the Obama Administration’s White House. The petition currently has 54,085 signatures, and needed only 45,915 signatures by May 23 to to qualify for reaching its goal of 100,000.

The petition, created April 23, reads,

“In its unannounced war against Ukraine, Russia relies on covert operations which fall squarely within the definition of ‘international terrorism’ under 18 U.S.C. § 2331. Specifically, armed operatives of Russia, acting under disguise, attempt to influence the policy of Ukrainian government by intimidation or coercion. They also try to affect the conduct of a government by assassinations and kidnapping, taking by force government buildings, police posts and military bases of Ukraine. This activity is being conducted on large scale and over prolonged time period, despite condemnation by the USA, G-7, NATO, EU and UN.

“Accordingly, Russia must be officially designated as ‘State sponsor of terrorism’, per http://www.state.gov/j/ct/list/c14151.htm”

Code 18 U.S.C. § 2331 defines “international terrorism” as activities that occur outside of the US and “involve violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any State, or that would be a criminal violation if committed within the jurisdiction of the United States or of any State;” and “appear to be intended” “to intimidate or coerce a civilian population;” “to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion; or” “to affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping.”

Under 18 U.S.C. § 2331, “act of war” means “any act occurring in the course of” “declared war;” “armed conflict, whether or not war has been declared, between two or more nations; or” “armed conflict between military forces of any origin.”

State sponsors of terrorism are, according to the US State Department, “countries determined by the Secretary of State to have repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism.” State sponsors of terrorism currently include Syria (added 1979), Cuba (1982), Iran (1984), Sudan (1993).

Nations designated “state sponsor of terrorism” are subject to three US laws: section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act, section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act, and section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act. These laws restrict US foreign assistance, ban defense exports and sales and some other items, and provide financial and other restrictions. People and countries engaging in certain trade with a “state sponsor” are also implicated in sanctions and penalties.

By Day Blakely Donaldson

Sources:

Petition at White House

US State Department

Findlaw

 

South Sudan Peace Deal Broken in Two Days, Two Accusations by Two Leaders

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The peace deal signed by South Sudanese leaders President Salva Kiir and Dr Riek Machar in Addis Abada, Ethiopia, Friday has been broken. Both sides are blaming the other.

The agreement came at the urging of UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, who visited South Sudan Friday and spoke to the two warring leaders. Pressure has also begun to build on South Sudanese leaders due to the beginnings of American sanctions, which targeted generals of both sides of the conflict.

The peace deal was broken just hours after its coming into force. Several attacks took place Sunday morning in South Sudan. The two leaders blamed each other.

“This morning at 6:30 AM Riek Machar forces attacked our forces at Rubkona in Unity State,” said Kiir. “They attacked our forces and we repulsed them and they ran away left dead bodies down there that was one case. When it reached 8:20 AM this morning, Riek Machar forces attacked our base at Kilo-Kamsin east of Bentiu capital of Unity State. They fought and they were also repulsed. The same morning at 9:00 AM, they attacked our forces at Mathiang north- east of Nassir. All in all, they were beaten back and they ran away.”

The opposition reported that it was in fact the government who initiated the fighting. Military spokesman Brigadier-General Lul Ruai Koang said that government forces launched attacks on their bases in Unity State and Upper Nile State hours after the ceasefire.

By Day Blakely Donaldson

Source:

Eye Radio, South Sudan

NASA Puts Out a “Request for Information” for Creative Talent to Offer Ideas for Europa Mission

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NASA, planning a mission to the moon Europa–one of the best candidates for life-sustaining habitation–within the next 10 years, has opened the door for crowdsourced talent. The goal is to create a mission for under $1 billion. NASA has published a Request for Information (RFI) seeking creative help.

Although much smaller than the Earth, Europa is thought to contain more water than our planet, and last year jets of water were observed shooting out of the moon’s icy surface, causing scientists to strongly suspect the existence of water plumes.unnamed

With NASA’s RFI, it hopes to address several fundamental questions about the enigmatic moon and life beyond earth, and on a budget. NASA provided a list of its five top goals for Europa:

1. Characterize the extent of the ocean and its relation to the deeper interior;
2. Characterize the ice shell and any subsurface water, including their heterogeneity, and the
nature of surface-ice-ocean exchange;
3. Determine global surface compositions and chemistry, especially as related to habitability;
Jupiters-Europa-moon-Likeliest-to-support-Life-24. Understand the formation of surface features, including sites of recent or current activity,
and identify and characterize candidate sites for future in situ exploration;
5. Understand Europa’s space environment and interaction with the magnetosphere.

The $1 billion target excludes the launch vehicle, but includes everything else, including all the technology and scientific intstruments needed for the mission. Some considerations specifically mentioned by NASA in the RFI for the Europa mission include the extreme radiation environment and protection of Europa’s potentially inhabitable ocean from the Earth’s bacteria.

NASA has released Request for Information: NNH14ZDA008L Europa Mission Concepts Costing Less than $1 Billion, targeting science and engineering communities. The RFI includes details about what and how to submit to NASA.

By Day Blakely Donaldson

Source:

NASA

South Sudan: Kiir, Machar Sign Peace Deal

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Friday a deal was signed in Addis Abada, Ethiopia, between South Sudan’s President Salva Kiir and top rebel leader Dr Riek Machar.

Under the deal, a transitional government is to be formed. A new constitution will The agreement also calls for a new constitution and new elections.

By Day Blakely Donaldson

Source:

South Sudan News Agency

Reason for Nigerian Schoolgirls Abduction Revealed by Amnesty International

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Amnesty International has revealed that Nigerian security forces received multiple advanced warnings about the raids that took place on the Chibok boarding school April 14-15, in which over 240 schoolgirls were kidnapped by Boko Haram forces.

Security forces were warned hours in advance, according to the rights group, who accused the Nigerian authorities of “gross dereliction of duty.”

Amnesty International independently verified information based on multiple interviews with credible sources, and concluded that the Nigerian security forces had over four hours of advance warning about the attack but not take measures appropriate to prevent it. Security and local officials had reported the threat to Damboa military command near Chibok by phone, after local civilian vigilante groups raised the alarm the evening of April 14. Reportedly, a large group of unidentified armed men entered Gagilam village on motorbikes and told residents they were headed toward Chibok.

Security forces were aware of the attack after 7:00 PM, but did not muster troops due to fear of a better-armed force, according to Amnesty International. A force of 17 army and police met the Boko Haram force significantly later, but was insufficient and was forced to retreat.

Netsanet Belay, Amnesty International’s Africa Director, Research and Advocacy, stated, “The fact that Nigerian security forces knew about Boko Haram’s impending raid, but failed to take the immediate action needed to stop it, will only amplify the national and international outcry at this horrific crime.”

By Cheryl Bretton

Source:

Amnesty International