The confounding nature of Canadian politics

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The trees might be blooming now, but it wont be long until leaves will begin to turn yellow and red. The next federal election shall soon be upon us, whether we like it or not. Yet, I find myself baffled, foolhardy, and even, I dare say, perplexed. A great deal of people in their juvenile nature might point their finger at me and pronounce outright that I am neglecting my duties as a citizen. The only thing I can say to that is: what are my options?

In an age when politics has become even more about personalities rather than the ideals and principles upon which governing our nation could best be decided — namely democratic deliberation — what is someone who does not follow celebrity culture do? Yes it had to be brought to light. It seems that in the last few years, Canadian politics does not seem so different from your standard celebrity news spectacle.

It seems to have shifted from the “ideas” part of the rhetoric — not that it was only about that — to a complete personality-based silliness. Ask yourself: Is Trudeau really up for it as a leader, or is he using his legacy, looks, and personality as Rex Murphy argued two years ago in one of his CBC rants? Although at first I saw this as another facile Conservative-styled argument, it seems that it might turn out to be more true than one would think.

Yet, I ask, and I say that I have to ask, what are your other two feasible options? Muclair, whose lack of certainty and poise in his demeanor only makes for an infallibly weak leader, for what otherwise could be a decent left-wing party. Then there is Harper, who has become hated by some, and increasingly loved by others — especially now amid the controversial Bill C-51 which recently led to nation-wide protests. There are the independents who are there for no perceptible reasons whatsoever, but only to bring about the sensations that come with democracy.

I find myself sifting through different politically motivated articles through different newspapers, and I can only find the same answers to my ever-growing questions. Infallibly answered by characters and personalities. I fear, immeasurably so, that Trudeau might end up “pulling,” excuse the candor, an “Obama” on Canada. Specifically, if he gets elected he will promise many things, and will put up an image of transcendental “hope” and ride the wave of change until it becomes clear that he wont be able to do much, and in fact won’t. This, however, is the case with any candidate, regardless of what party she or he is from.

Perhaps my obstacle is that I am rather cynical, or perhaps better said, a realist. Especially when it comes to politics. They say that politics is the “art of the possible,” but I rather think it is the “art of the improbable.” Improbable in the sense that a great deal of the things that voters expect every year wont actually materialize.

The truth of the matter is simply that people are guided by the parties in their simple demonstrations of things such as their colors: orange, red, blue, green and so on. Each, led by personalities that we can appeal to depending on what we prefer, and our political inclinations. It seems rather simple, yet my mind cannot follow such collective bromides.

I can reasonably infer that I distrust myself enough to never completely ally myself with one party and one leader, precisely because I find there are some policies from each party that I can agree on, and others that I cannot. I find some Liberal policies to be bogus, while others completely valid, the same goes for the Conservatives and NDP. This leaves me, sadly, in a rather tremendous dilemma.

At times I can agree with all candidates, yet also disagree with all of them as well, only due to the fact that I follow a politics of issues, not that of men. Sometimes I wish, despite the obvious difficulties, that Canada would run along the lines of Switzerland’s political structure, where every issue has its own referendum. Yet, would we subject ourselves as Mill said to the “tyranny of the majority?”

You must realize that politics in this country has always been driven by personality,  candor in speech, and presence. We love/loved our prime ministers, for their characters, and even their flaws. Yet, there is something very hollow, and I dare say, trivial going on. There seems to be a great lack of character and temperament, and to be honest charm, and a great deal of promises won’t fill that void. That goes for all candidates.

Now that we are left with men or women of no perceptible clout, what I am asking is that we look beyond political personalities although they are innate to the the political process and turn our attention to the issues as well, the ones which play such an important role to the future of Canada. A future mind you which is in the thoughts of all Canadians.

Despite the truth that it will be difficult to dissociate ourselves from personalities, as to do so is to go against an axiom of politics- a good smile on camera is perhaps more valuable, sadly, than any rhetoric that might come from any of the candidates, yet even that does not always prove to be of any value.

Where are the characters that are worth the rhetoric? Those such as Wilfred Laurier and Lester B. Pearson, whom have shaped this nation that holds the values which make us proud today?

Opinion by Milad Doroudian

Image by National Film Board of Canada, Library and Archives Canada.

Fire in Moscow at Novodevichy Convent

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BRIEF – Novodevichy Convent, a large Moscow monastery situated around 5 km from the Kremlin, was the site of a large fire Sunday night. The building has been under repair, according to Bulletin Echo, and the fire may have begun with one of the scaffolding towers.

The fire began at after 10:30 p.m. Moscow time. Fire fighters arrived shortly thereafter.

The area has been cordoned off. The cause of the blaze is not yet known, and authorities have not yet made any statements.

Initially, rumors spread on social media that the fire had taken place at the Kremlin.

Novodevichy Convent is a perhaps the best known cloister of the Russian capital. It was founded in 1524 by Vasili III, the Grand Prince of Moscow, and has remained intact since the 17th century. The name can be translated as New Maiden’s Monastery.

In addition to being a famous tourist attraction in its own right, the cemetery attached is the location of the graves of former Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, former President Boris Yeltsin, writer Anton Chekhov, and other famous Russian deceased.

More follows.

By James Haleavy

South Sudan: Lakes State Ministry of Agriculture receives 31,000 liters of fuel

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RUMBEK, South Sudan — Lakes State Minister of Agriculture Philip Kot Job has received 31,000 liters of fuel for tractor cultivation for 2015.

“I have informed the farmers of Lakes State that we have received our fuel, which had been in Juba for over a year,” the minister said.

“We have received now 31,000 liters and we are trying to put this quantity into a deposit so that it is kept until April 2015.”

Farmers will be organized and will be supported with this fuel, the minister said.

He added that this fuel is mainly to deal with issues of food security because we are the region is trying to improve the lack of food and is bound to bring food items from outside into the state.

“The policy of national government — which says agriculture comes first — that is why we are serious to see that this year is for cultivation,” he explained.

“So our people must really concentrate on cultivation, starting from H.E. the Governor to the lowest citizen in the state here,” the minister added.

“This is information for all the citizens of Lakes State that we are now serious that this year is good for digging so that we can free ourselves from salvation.”

He added that those who have their own tractor should come and have fuel up at any time.

Job also advised Lakes State’s citizen to concentrate on agriculture rather than fighting.

“We will not be friend to hunger this year, but if we are not serious it will get away from us because our thinking is too low in terms of farming,” he explained.

“The first priority in my plans as Minister of Agriculture is cultivation; we will not be stable if agriculture is not reorganized in this country,” he said.

By Makuac Thok

N. Korean defector reveals scars of prison camp torture

Escape from Camp14
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SEOUL, South Korea — North Korean defector Dong-Hyuk Shin has revealed photos of scars on his body, which he says were suffered in a prison camp in the hermit kingdom. Shin published the photos to his Facebook page last week after admitting to several inaccurate accounts in his autobiography in January.

Shin is famous for being the only survivor to have escaped from a North Korean political prison camp.

Between Feb.27 and Mar. 3, he posted photos to his Facebook page of scars and other marks on his ankles, back, left hand and fingers, which he says he received during his time in the camp.

Scars in the ankles
Ankle scars

 

He wrote in the first post that he showed these wounds because he decided not to be afraid of fighting against North Korea any longer. He wrote that the scars on his ankles were received due to being handcuffed and hung upside down.

Shin's burned back
Shin’s burned back

The following day, he continued to post photos, displaying his back, also burned from during torture. He added that, “I feel embarrassed to show such a photo and it’s shameful. But I must reveal the evil of the dictator and his regime.” Shin’s reference to North Korea’s leader as “the evil of the dictator” was notable, as such an utterance is an unthinkable remark for ordinary citizens of the secretive state.

In the last post, he concluded that, “If I don’t share these photographs, I have no other way to explain how horrible and vicious the N. Korean regime is!” This message was accompanied by photos of his left hand and little finger, still bearing the aftereffects of mistreatment by prison guards.

The photos could support Shin’s testimony about the violation of human rights in North Korea, regardless of the accuracy about “which prison camp” he was tortured in.

Shin acknowledged his inaccurate details in his autobiography, “Escape from Camp 14,” in January. According to the book, he underwent torture in the most notorious political prison camp, no. 14, at the age of 13. He however later corrected this to say that it was in Camp 18, known to be less controlled, when he was 20 years old, after moving out of Camp 14 at age six.

The writer of the book and former Washington Post journalist Blaine Harden told the Washington Post that “he is still saying that all of this [torture] happened at different times and places.” He added that Shin’s confusion about experiences is totally understandable, as he has suffered from trauma for a long time.

Despite the controversy, Harden will not fix the story, because, he said, “Even the new disclosures in the revised forward may not reveal the whole truth.”

Escape from Camp14
Escape from Camp14

Shin made a public apology about the errors in his accounts on his Facebook page on Jan. 18. He also alluded to discontinuity in North Korea’s human right campaign, writing that, “These will be my final words and this will likely be my first post.”

He restarted activity on his social media page last February, and indicated his will was to keep it up until the day when the regime would be overthrown, amid continuous refutation of him from North Korean authorities.

North Korea has been strongly denying Shin’s story and the existence of Camp 14. Its propaganda television channel Urimizokkiri produced a video, “Lie and Truth,” at the end of October 2014, and showed interviews of his father and relatives who still remain in the country, in order to contradict Shin.

“We never lived in a so-called ‘political prison camp’,” his father said in the video. “You [Dong-Hyuk Shin] will regret forever if you don’t come back to your country.”

The video described Shin as a criminal who fled to South Korea to avoid punishment for his crime. Moreover it strongly blamed him for taking the initiative in fabricating the human rights situation in North Korea.

Who is Dong-Hyuk Shin?

His real name was In Gun Shin. He was born inside Camp 14. He made his escape from the prison camp in 2005. He arrived South Korea via China in August 2006 with the aid of a South Korean journalist. Later, he changed his first name to Dong-Hyuk, named after the journalist.

In 2013, he gave evidence of North Korea’s human rights violations, based on his memoir in the prison camp, in front of the UN Commission of Inquiry.  He became a key witness who fostered calls for the North Korean government to be charged with crimes against humanity.

By EJ Monica Kim

Sources:

Washington Post

Washington Post

Huffington Post Korea

JoongAng Ilbo

Photos:

amazon.com

Facebook page of Dong-Hyuck Shin

Immune cells learn “numbers” from past infections, allowing the body to better deal with future infections of all types

Immune cells learn from past infections, allowing the body to more deftly deal with future infections of all types
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According to recent work conducted by a joint team of researchers from James Cook University, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, the University of Heidelberg, and the National Institutes of Health, the body’s cells not only learn from the infections they encounter, becoming better able to deal with various infections throughout life, but can also remember numbers.

Dr. Andreas Kupz,
Dr. Andreas Kupz

“For a very long time we have tried to classify memory immune cells on overall function and morphology and have tried to group them based on such features,” James Cook University’s Dr. Andreas Kupz, co-author on the study, told The Speaker. “Although this might make the wealth of information and detail more digestible, it becomes more and more clear, not just from our study, that such ‘average’ is just not good enough anymore. There is a huge heterogeneity even within individual memory immune cell subsets and in the future the focus must be much more directed towards the single cell level.”

T-helper cells, which were the focus of the recent research, help other immune cells by releasing cytokines, messenger substances.

“Our findings demonstrate that every individual T helper cell stably memorizes not only the type but also the amount of a certain cytokine it produces based on the information it receives during an initial infection,” Kupz told us. “Although we did not test the effect of this quantitative cytokine memory on a different infection, it is likely that the amount of cytokine produced will not change because the level of cytokine is predetermined through the amount of a ‘master transcription factor’ within the nucleus of the cell.”

However, T-helper cells don’t learn in the same way we understand people to learn.

“‘Learning’ in this situation is probably best translated with ‘memorizing,’ which in itself is a feature of learning. The learning occurs through maintaining a defined amount of the transcription factor that controls the production of certain cytokines. The cell-specific fine adjustments of this process is still not entirely understood but may involve the control of cytokine receptor expression and/or the activity of downstream signal transduction molecules.”

“Furthermore, we found epigenetic modifications at both the locus of the cytokine and the controlling transcription factor. Hence, we hypothesize that a combination of multiple permissive and repressive epigenetic modifications at several regulatory sites imprints the stable cytokine memory.”

Although dealing with infections does strengthen the body’s ability to deal with later infections — which might be information that could factor into arguments in the current vaccination debate — Kupz was clear that his comments were not to be on the debate, and that vaccination is something he believes is very important and necessary.

“The immunological memory that is generated through exposure to vaccines does in fact often rely on similar ‘learning’ mechanisms. ”

“In my opinion the most important take home message from this study is not so much the applicability of our findings for health and disease but more the gain in overall knowledge about T cell biology,” Kupz speculated on how his work could contribute to the growing body of information about the role of T cells, and how it could potentially lead to strengthening specific immune reactions and to reducing the misdirected immune responses that cause inflammation.

The report, “Individual T helper cells have a quantitative cytokine memory,” was completed by Caroline Helmstetter, Michael Flossdorf, Michael Peine, Andreas Kupz, Jinfang Zhu, Ahmed N. Hegazy, Maria A. Duque-Correa, Qin Zhang, Yevhen Vainshtein, Andreas Radbruch, Stefan H. Kaufmann, William E. Paul, Thomas Höfer, and Max Löhning, and was published in the journal Immunity.

The other side of living in Juba – A case for Boda-Boda

As motorbike riders protest the regulation of wearing helmets in Chad, ravaging the capital city N’djamena, and businessmen triple the price for helmets with strong resistance from the motorbike riders, it’s a different story in Juba south Sudan
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As motorbike riders protest the regulation of wearing helmets in Chad, ravaging the capital city N’djamena, and businessmen triple the price for helmets with strong resistance from the motorbike riders, it’s a different story in Juba south Sudan

JUBA, South Sudan — As motorbike riders protest the regulation of wearing helmets in Chad, ravaging the capital city N’djamena, and businessmen triple the price for helmets with strong resistance from the motorbike riders, it’s a different story in Juba south Sudan

From dusty roads to unshaded stages, rough roads to tarmac roads, hot weather to rainy seasons, polite customers to rude customers, drunk drivers to disciplined drivers. This is the way to go for many of the unemployed youth, between survival and starvation in Juba.

“Life has never been easy to my side. I wake up every morning and try to catch up with the early travelers who board to Uganda,” recounts one such motorcycle rider.

He is one of those who hustle in the bare heat of Juba since he set his feet in the South Sudanese capital. Since the slow evolution of motorcycles in Juba starting with the famous Senke Tembo brand and then the Ling ken/Hiadjin brands, TVs brand, and now the most-desired soft-cushioned Bajaj Boxer model.

People who came from the countryside have lived on petty jobs like building houses using muddy loam soil, most of whom had an East African educational background, which was a second thought in employment requirements to the Arabic background during the old Sudan days. Living up to the promise of buying a motorcycle seems a dream come true to most youth, who are employed in competitive and self-sacrificial jobs in these busy streets of Juba.

The cost of living is one they focus on, and the standard of living under the scorching sun depends on the ability to satisfy your customers’ needs with early morning motor checks, riding the rough dusty roads, dodging speeding vehicles which sometimes break traffic laws knowingly, though not on the list of vehicles to be given way, as are police, ambulance and fire-fighting vehicles. People move reluctantly and the own reckless riders of the well-known big blown heavy pair of short lovers (the Senke boys/Juba Boys) bending on one side of the cleanly maintained motorcycle with loud music speakers booming hip hop and accelerating as if it were the last race they will ever have, with the trademark sound of blocked exhaust pipes or an open exhaust with a wide cut.

Most of the riders do not have a driver’s license. But it is a relatively cheap way of living in Juba and provides a sufficient wage for their hard work, charging a fare averaging from five South Sudanese pounds for a shorter distance to over ten for longer distances, and basing the prices on the high prices of goods in Juba. The biggest happening that the bike boys always feel disturbed by is the frequent visits by the well-known South Sudan Motorcycle Boda-Boda Association (SSMBA), which they called the Abraham Men, to collect 50 SSP monthly for the parking stage — or what they called the rent fee.

“It’s often a struggle when they come. They try to take all the keys and demand the receipts of payments,” exclaims one rider who also said this always causes them to scratch their heads, as the money is not reinvested in the rehabilitation of roads.

The struggle gets harder and harder by the day, as all will be struggling to reach a minimum of 60 SSP per day, reaching out for rude customers who shout commands on a very hard knock voice and directing you to violate traffic laws to catch their appointments. Negotiating between vehicles and risking arrest from the traffic police, accused of causing most of the accidents in the city, and even the government designating some “no go” routes for the motorcycle riders, they all are struggling to live on the better side of Juba and wishing to get to a better job one day by feeding themselves on the streets of this sunny, hot and dynamic Juba city, putting bread on the table and never relaxing because of the demands of survival.

Whenever a disciplined and charming customer comes on board, gives a smile and says, “Take me to Konyo-konyo market,” then you can probably be sure that the day is a completely fine day for the family… Till then.

By Taban Ronald Setimo

Sri Lanka: Why foreign investment should come

Sri Lanka: Why foreign investment should come
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Sri Lanka: Why foreign investment should come

The end of civil war brings fresh opportunities

Foreign investment is a hot topic at the moment. The idea mostly, in the current climate, invokes criticism and anger, such as the recent Guardian opinion piece that lamented the selling off of British and London infrastructure to foreign investors. To compound this, there has been general ill feeling from some quarters due to a view that European, and particularly British, condemnation of the conflict in the Ukraine and Russian aggression has been diluted by the noueau-riche Russians investing and blowing their money across London and other trendy cities.

Nevertheless, foreign investment is capable of garnering some positive headlines with the case of Sri Lanka. Understandably, Sri Lanka does not immediately jump to mind when you are trying to think of where best to spend your money. While it is difficult to compare the post-civil war situation across different countries, it is generally true that institutions weakened by war usually do not have the capacity to handle investments. The economy of Northern Ireland, after a significant period of general peace and stability, is weak. This is partly due to much of the political focus being on identity and violence rather than the economy. So why is Sri Lanka different?

One easy example is that of tourism. A long civil war deterred tourists from flocking to the region and so its rich natural beauty and its breath-taking array of flora and fauna was never truly tapped into. This is now changing. It is also on the door step of India so Sri Lanka can be an attractive pit stop for westerners touring the region. This has a follow on for infrastructure and, as well, Sri Lanka has a view on the long-term as it tries, backed by Chinese money, to become a maritime hub in the region.

Sri Lanka’s proximity to India is another boon because India is enjoying the fruits of heavy foreign investment itself and India has a good trade policy with Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka and India are both under stable governments and, thus, there is time and energy to direct towards improving their respective economies without the disraction of a destabilizing civil war in the region.

In addition to the analysis from Forbes, CNBC called Sri Lanka the ‘darling’ of investors as the economy continues to grow and inflation continues to decrease. The economy grew by 8 percent last year.

To temper this positivity, it is important to note that Transparency International has stated that funds earmarked for reconstruction and investment have been misappropriated and the systemic corruption in Sri Lanka is a stumbling block for future investment. It is a common problem in post conflict zones and one Sri Lanka is not immune from. Transparency International used Bosnia-Herzegovina as an example of inherent corruption making investors more wary and reluctant. This is the fate that awaits Sri Lanka, Transparency International fears.

HSBC are another group who are not entirely convinced by Sri Lanka’s economy, citing an over dependence on foreign fuel and a lack of consumer spending as reasons for remaining doubtful.

Overall, Sri Lanka is a place remarkable for its readiness for investment and for the stability of its government. There are obvious problems which persist but, with elections on the way, Sri Lanka can epitomize how foreign investment can be a good and positive thing at a time when this concept of  is receiving a lot of bad press around the world.

By Enda Kenneally

Photo: Dhammika Heenpella

Potala Palace – Tashi

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Red prince of my heart
That quenches my thirst for the history of a thousand years, In your presence sprouts the life force of knowledge
In the garden of my consciousness.
The eternal flame of the butter lamp that flickers in my eyes Is stoked by my sweat and blood.

The land of snows has entrusted everything to you, And you too
Fearlessly speak the word of truth
For the sake of our hopes and prayers.

Potala Palace!
The consciousness of my forefathers rests On your high throne.
I forever
Will decorate your pillars with golden rings.

But the fierce wind from the East
Has many times racked with tongues of flame Your tender form.

O great yogi, in whose heart swirls unadulterated compassion, You forever
Like the blood moving in my body
Will rise to face the challenge of history.

Embodying the integrity of a nation,
Even though you are hurt you lick your wounds And stand proud in all circumstances.
While the sharp fangs of a dark beast
A tailless dog pretending to be a lion
Utters empty threats from its cave.

Potala Palace!
The solitary hero, never changing. I forever
Will serve under your blessing.

Potala Palace!
From the first time I welcomed the sun and the moon Until when the circulation of my blood stops,
My loyalty to you in body, speech, and mind
Shall remain eternal.

Translated by Woeser and published originally at High Peaks Pure Earth

Tashi is a young Tibetan from Rebkong in eastern Tibet who was featured in a piece titled “Out of Tibet” by Alec Ash that was published both online on Danwei.Com and also in print in a volume called “Chinese Characters: Profiles of Fast-Changing Lives in a Fast-Changing Land”, edited by Angilee Shah and Jeffrey Wasserstrom.

The Testament – Taras Schechenko

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Dig my grave and raise my barrow

By the Dnieper-side
In Ukraina, my own land,
A fair land and wide.
I will lie and watch the cornfields,
Listen through the years
To the river voices roaring,
Roaring in my ears.

When I hear the call
Of the racing flood,
Loud with hated blood,
I will leave them all,
Fields and hills; and force my way
Right up to the Throne
Where God sits alone;
Clasp His feet and pray…
But till that day
What is God to me?

Bury me, be done with me,
Rise and break your chain,
Water your new liberty
With blood for rain.
Then, in the mighty family
Of all men that are free,
May be sometimes, very softly
You will speak of me?

Taras Shevchenko
Translated by E. L. Voynich
London, 1911